Model (engine/model)
@ckeditor/ckeditor5-engine/src/model/model
Editor's data model. Read about the model in the engine architecture guide.
Filtering
Properties
-
Model's document.
-
Model's marker collection.
-
Model's schema.
-
The last created and currently used writer instance.
-
All callbacks added by
change
orenqueueChange
methods waiting to be executed.
Methods
-
constructor()
module:engine/model/model~Model#constructor
-
applyOperation( operation ) → void
module:engine/model/model~Model#applyOperation
Decorated function for applying operations to the model.
This is a low-level way of changing the model. It is exposed for very specific use cases (like the undo feature). Normally, to modify the model, you will want to use
Writer
. See also Changing the model section of the Editing architecture guide.Parameters
operation : Operation
The operation to apply.
Returns
void
-
inherited
bind( bindProperty1, bindProperty2 ) → DualBindChain<K1, Model[ K1 ], K2, Model[ K2 ]>
module:engine/model/model~Model#bind:DUAL_BIND
Binds observable properties to other objects implementing the
Observable
interface.Read more in the dedicated guide covering the topic of property bindings with some additional examples.
Consider two objects: a
button
and an associatedcommand
(bothObservable
).A simple property binding could be as follows:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command, 'isEnabled' );
or even shorter:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command );
which works in the following way:
button.isEnabled
instantly equalscommand.isEnabled
,- whenever
command.isEnabled
changes,button.isEnabled
will immediately reflect its value.
Note: To release the binding, use
unbind
.You can also "rename" the property in the binding by specifying the new name in the
to()
chain:button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command, 'isWorking' );
It is possible to bind more than one property at a time to shorten the code:
button.bind( 'isEnabled', 'value' ).to( command );
which corresponds to:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command ); button.bind( 'value' ).to( command );
The binding can include more than one observable, combining multiple data sources in a custom callback:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command, 'isEnabled', ui, 'isVisible', ( isCommandEnabled, isUIVisible ) => isCommandEnabled && isUIVisible );
Using a custom callback allows processing the value before passing it to the target property:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command, 'value', value => value === 'heading1' );
It is also possible to bind to the same property in an array of observables. To bind a
button
to multiple commands (alsoObservables
) so that each and every one of them must be enabled for the button to become enabled, use the following code:button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).toMany( [ commandA, commandB, commandC ], 'isEnabled', ( isAEnabled, isBEnabled, isCEnabled ) => isAEnabled && isBEnabled && isCEnabled );
Type parameters
K1
K2
Parameters
bindProperty1 : K1
Observable property that will be bound to other observable(s).
bindProperty2 : K2
Observable property that will be bound to other observable(s).
Returns
-
Binds observable properties to other objects implementing the
Observable
interface.Read more in the dedicated guide covering the topic of property bindings with some additional examples.
Consider two objects: a
button
and an associatedcommand
(bothObservable
).A simple property binding could be as follows:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command, 'isEnabled' );
or even shorter:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command );
which works in the following way:
button.isEnabled
instantly equalscommand.isEnabled
,- whenever
command.isEnabled
changes,button.isEnabled
will immediately reflect its value.
Note: To release the binding, use
unbind
.You can also "rename" the property in the binding by specifying the new name in the
to()
chain:button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command, 'isWorking' );
It is possible to bind more than one property at a time to shorten the code:
button.bind( 'isEnabled', 'value' ).to( command );
which corresponds to:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command ); button.bind( 'value' ).to( command );
The binding can include more than one observable, combining multiple data sources in a custom callback:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command, 'isEnabled', ui, 'isVisible', ( isCommandEnabled, isUIVisible ) => isCommandEnabled && isUIVisible );
Using a custom callback allows processing the value before passing it to the target property:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command, 'value', value => value === 'heading1' );
It is also possible to bind to the same property in an array of observables. To bind a
button
to multiple commands (alsoObservables
) so that each and every one of them must be enabled for the button to become enabled, use the following code:button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).toMany( [ commandA, commandB, commandC ], 'isEnabled', ( isAEnabled, isBEnabled, isCEnabled ) => isAEnabled && isBEnabled && isCEnabled );
Parameters
bindProperties : Array<'off' | 'on' | 'once' | 'listenTo' | 'stopListening' | 'fire' | 'delegate' | 'stopDelegating' | 'set' | 'bind' | 'unbind' | 'decorate' | 'change' | 'document' | 'destroy' | 'schema' | 'applyOperation' | 'markers' | 'enqueueChange' | 'insertContent' | 'insertObject' | 'deleteContent' | 'modifySelection' | 'getSelectedContent' | 'hasContent' | 'canEditAt' | 'createPositionFromPath' | 'createPositionAt' | 'createPositionAfter' | 'createPositionBefore' | 'createRange' | 'createRangeIn' | 'createRangeOn' | 'createSelection' | 'createBatch' | 'createOperationFromJSON'>
Observable properties that will be bound to other observable(s).
Returns
MultiBindChain
The bind chain with the
to()
andtoMany()
methods.
-
inherited
bind( bindProperty ) → SingleBindChain<K, Model[ K ]>
module:engine/model/model~Model#bind:SINGLE_BIND
Binds observable properties to other objects implementing the
Observable
interface.Read more in the dedicated guide covering the topic of property bindings with some additional examples.
Consider two objects: a
button
and an associatedcommand
(bothObservable
).A simple property binding could be as follows:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command, 'isEnabled' );
or even shorter:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command );
which works in the following way:
button.isEnabled
instantly equalscommand.isEnabled
,- whenever
command.isEnabled
changes,button.isEnabled
will immediately reflect its value.
Note: To release the binding, use
unbind
.You can also "rename" the property in the binding by specifying the new name in the
to()
chain:button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command, 'isWorking' );
It is possible to bind more than one property at a time to shorten the code:
button.bind( 'isEnabled', 'value' ).to( command );
which corresponds to:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command ); button.bind( 'value' ).to( command );
The binding can include more than one observable, combining multiple data sources in a custom callback:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command, 'isEnabled', ui, 'isVisible', ( isCommandEnabled, isUIVisible ) => isCommandEnabled && isUIVisible );
Using a custom callback allows processing the value before passing it to the target property:
button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).to( command, 'value', value => value === 'heading1' );
It is also possible to bind to the same property in an array of observables. To bind a
button
to multiple commands (alsoObservables
) so that each and every one of them must be enabled for the button to become enabled, use the following code:button.bind( 'isEnabled' ).toMany( [ commandA, commandB, commandC ], 'isEnabled', ( isAEnabled, isBEnabled, isCEnabled ) => isAEnabled && isBEnabled && isCEnabled );
Type parameters
K
Parameters
bindProperty : K
Observable property that will be bound to other observable(s).
Returns
SingleBindChain<K, Model[ K ]>
The bind chain with the
to()
andtoMany()
methods.
-
canEditAt( selectable ) → boolean
module:engine/model/model~Model#canEditAt
Check whether given selectable is at a place in the model where it can be edited (returns
true
) or not (returnsfalse
).Should be used instead of
isReadOnly
to check whether a user action can happen at given selectable. It may be decorated and used differently in different environment (e.g. multi-root editor can disable a particular root).This method is decorated. Although this method accepts any parameter of
Selectable
type, thecanEditAt
event is fired withselectable
normalized to an instance ofSelection
orDocumentSelection
Parameters
selectable : Selectable
Returns
boolean
Fires
-
change( callback ) → TReturn
module:engine/model/model~Model#change
The
change()
method is the primary way of changing the model. You should use it to modify all document nodes (including detached nodes – i.e. nodes not added to the model document), the document's selection, and model markers.model.change( writer => { writer.insertText( 'foo', paragraph, 'end' ); } );
All changes inside the change block use the same
Batch
so they are combined into a single undo step.model.change( writer => { writer.insertText( 'foo', paragraph, 'end' ); // foo. model.change( writer => { writer.insertText( 'bar', paragraph, 'end' ); // foobar. } ); writer.insertText( 'bom', paragraph, 'end' ); // foobarbom. } );
The callback of the
change()
block is executed synchronously.You can also return a value from the change block.
const img = model.change( writer => { return writer.createElement( 'img' ); } );
Type parameters
TReturn
The return type of the provided callback.
Parameters
callback : ( Writer ) => TReturn
Callback function which may modify the model.
Returns
TReturn
Related:
-
createBatch( [ type ] ) → Batch
module:engine/model/model~Model#createBatch
Creates a
Batch
instance.Note: In most cases creating a batch instance is not necessary as they are created when using:
Parameters
Returns
-
createOperationFromJSON( json ) → Operation
module:engine/model/model~Model#createOperationFromJSON
Creates an operation instance from a JSON object (parsed JSON string).
This is an alias for
OperationFactory.fromJSON()
.Parameters
json : unknown
Deserialized JSON object.
Returns
-
createPositionAfter( item ) → Position
module:engine/model/model~Model#createPositionAfter
Creates a new position after the given model item.
Note: This method is also available as
Writer#createPositionAfter()
.Parameters
item : Item
Item after which the position should be placed.
Returns
-
createPositionAt( itemOrPosition, [ offset ] ) → Position
module:engine/model/model~Model#createPositionAt
Creates position at the given location. The location can be specified as:
- a position,
- a parent element and offset in that element,
- a parent element and
'end'
(the position will be set at the end of that element), - a model item and
'before'
or'after'
(the position will be set before or after the given model item).
This method is a shortcut to other factory methods such as:
Note: This method is also available as
Writer#createPositionAt()
,Parameters
itemOrPosition : DocumentFragment | Position | Item
[ offset ] : PositionOffset
Offset or one of the flags. Used only when first parameter is a model item.
Returns
-
createPositionBefore( item ) → Position
module:engine/model/model~Model#createPositionBefore
Creates a new position before the given model item.
Note: This method is also available as
Writer#createPositionBefore()
.Parameters
item : Item
Item before which the position should be placed.
Returns
-
createPositionFromPath( root, path, [ stickiness ] ) → Position
module:engine/model/model~Model#createPositionFromPath
Creates a position from the given root and path in that root.
Note: This method is also available as
Writer#createPositionFromPath()
.Parameters
root : Element | DocumentFragment
Root of the position.
path : readonly Array<number>
Position path. See
path
.[ stickiness ] : PositionStickiness
Position stickiness. See
PositionStickiness
.
Returns
-
createRange( start, [ end ] ) → Range
module:engine/model/model~Model#createRange
Creates a range spanning from the
start
position to theend
position.Note: This method is also available as
Writer#createRange()
:model.change( writer => { const range = writer.createRange( start, end ); } );
Parameters
start : Position
Start position.
[ end ] : Position
End position. If not set, the range will be collapsed to the
start
position.
Returns
-
createRangeIn( element ) → Range
module:engine/model/model~Model#createRangeIn
Creates a range inside the given element which starts before the first child of that element and ends after the last child of that element.
Note: This method is also available as
Writer#createRangeIn()
:model.change( writer => { const range = writer.createRangeIn( paragraph ); } );
Parameters
element : Element | DocumentFragment
Element which is a parent for the range.
Returns
-
createRangeOn( item ) → Range
module:engine/model/model~Model#createRangeOn
Creates a range that starts before the given model item and ends after it.
Note: This method is also available on
writer
instance asWriter.createRangeOn()
:model.change( writer => { const range = writer.createRangeOn( paragraph ); } );
Parameters
item : Item
Returns
-
createSelection( [ selectable ], [ options ] = { [options.backward] } ) → Selection
module:engine/model/model~Model#createSelection:SELECTABLE
Creates a new selection instance based on the given selectable or creates an empty selection if no arguments were passed.
Note: This method is also available as
Writer#createSelection()
.// Creates empty selection without ranges. const selection = writer.createSelection(); // Creates selection at the given range. const range = writer.createRange( start, end ); const selection = writer.createSelection( range ); // Creates selection at the given ranges const ranges = [ writer.createRange( start1, end2 ), writer.createRange( star2, end2 ) ]; const selection = writer.createSelection( ranges ); // Creates selection from the other selection. // Note: It doesn't copies selection attributes. const otherSelection = writer.createSelection(); const selection = writer.createSelection( otherSelection ); // Creates selection from the given document selection. // Note: It doesn't copies selection attributes. const documentSelection = model.document.selection; const selection = writer.createSelection( documentSelection ); // Creates selection at the given position. const position = writer.createPositionFromPath( root, path ); const selection = writer.createSelection( position ); // Additional options (`'backward'`) can be specified as the last argument. // Creates backward selection. const selection = writer.createSelection( range, { backward: true } );
See also:
createSelection( node, placeOrOffset, options )
.Parameters
[ selectable ] : null | Position | Range | Selection | DocumentSelection | Iterable<Range>
[ options ] : object
-
Properties
[ options.backward ] : boolean
Returns
-
createSelection( selectable, placeOrOffset, [ options ] = { [options.backward] } ) → Selection
module:engine/model/model~Model#createSelection:NODE_OFFSET
Creates a new selection instance based on the given selectable or creates an empty selection if no arguments were passed.
Note: This method is also available as
Writer#createSelection()
.// Creates selection at the given offset in the given element. const paragraph = writer.createElement( 'paragraph' ); const selection = writer.createSelection( paragraph, offset ); // Creates a range inside an element which starts before the // first child of that element and ends after the last child of that element. const selection = writer.createSelection( paragraph, 'in' ); // Creates a range on an item which starts before the item and ends // just after the item. const selection = writer.createSelection( paragraph, 'on' ); // Additional options (`'backward'`) can be specified as the last argument. // Creates backward selection. const selection = writer.createSelection( element, 'in', { backward: true } );
See also:
createSelection( selectable, options )
.Parameters
selectable : Node
placeOrOffset : PlaceOrOffset
[ options ] : object
-
Properties
[ options.backward ] : boolean
Returns
-
Turns the given methods of this object into event-based ones. This means that the new method will fire an event (named after the method) and the original action will be plugged as a listener to that event.
Read more in the dedicated guide covering the topic of decorating methods with some additional examples.
Decorating the method does not change its behavior (it only adds an event), but it allows to modify it later on by listening to the method's event.
For example, to cancel the method execution the event can be stopped:
class Foo extends ObservableMixin() { constructor() { super(); this.decorate( 'method' ); } method() { console.log( 'called!' ); } } const foo = new Foo(); foo.on( 'method', ( evt ) => { evt.stop(); }, { priority: 'high' } ); foo.method(); // Nothing is logged.
Note: The high priority listener has been used to execute this particular callback before the one which calls the original method (which uses the "normal" priority).
It is also possible to change the returned value:
foo.on( 'method', ( evt ) => { evt.return = 'Foo!'; } ); foo.method(); // -> 'Foo'
Finally, it is possible to access and modify the arguments the method is called with:
method( a, b ) { console.log( `${ a }, ${ b }` ); } // ... foo.on( 'method', ( evt, args ) => { args[ 0 ] = 3; console.log( args[ 1 ] ); // -> 2 }, { priority: 'high' } ); foo.method( 1, 2 ); // -> '3, 2'
Parameters
methodName : 'off' | 'on' | 'once' | 'listenTo' | 'stopListening' | 'fire' | 'delegate' | 'stopDelegating' | 'set' | 'bind' | 'unbind' | 'decorate' | 'change' | 'document' | 'destroy' | 'schema' | 'applyOperation' | 'markers' | 'enqueueChange' | 'insertContent' | 'insertObject' | 'deleteContent' | 'modifySelection' | 'getSelectedContent' | 'hasContent' | 'canEditAt' | 'createPositionFromPath' | 'createPositionAt' | 'createPositionAfter' | 'createPositionBefore' | 'createRange' | 'createRangeIn' | 'createRangeOn' | 'createSelection' | 'createBatch' | 'createOperationFromJSON'
Name of the method to decorate.
Returns
void
-
Delegates selected events to another
Emitter
. For instance:emitterA.delegate( 'eventX' ).to( emitterB ); emitterA.delegate( 'eventX', 'eventY' ).to( emitterC );
then
eventX
is delegated (fired by)emitterB
andemitterC
along withdata
:emitterA.fire( 'eventX', data );
and
eventY
is delegated (fired by)emitterC
along withdata
:emitterA.fire( 'eventY', data );
Parameters
events : Array<string>
Event names that will be delegated to another emitter.
Returns
-
deleteContent( selection, [ options ] = { [options.direction], [options.doNotAutoparagraph], [options.doNotResetEntireContent], [options.leaveUnmerged], options[i: string] } ) → void
module:engine/model/model~Model#deleteContent
Deletes content of the selection and merge siblings. The resulting selection is always collapsed.
Note: For the sake of predictability, the resulting selection should always be collapsed. In cases where a feature wants to modify deleting behavior so selection isn't collapsed (e.g. a table feature may want to keep row selection after pressing Backspace), then that behavior should be implemented in the view's listener. At the same time, the table feature will need to modify this method's behavior too, e.g. to "delete contents and then collapse the selection inside the last selected cell" or "delete the row and collapse selection somewhere near". That needs to be done in order to ensure that other features which use
deleteContent()
will work well with tables.Parameters
selection : Selection | DocumentSelection
Selection of which the content should be deleted.
[ options ] : object
-
Properties
[ options.direction ] : 'forward' | 'backward'
The direction in which the content is being consumed. Deleting backward corresponds to using the Backspace key, while deleting content forward corresponds to the Shift+Backspace keystroke.
[ options.doNotAutoparagraph ] : boolean
Whether to create a paragraph if after content deletion selection is moved to a place where text cannot be inserted.
For example
<paragraph>x</paragraph>[<imageBlock src="foo.jpg"></imageBlock>]
will become:<paragraph>x</paragraph><paragraph>[]</paragraph>
with the option disabled (doNotAutoparagraph == false
)<paragraph>x[]</paragraph>
with the option enabled (doNotAutoparagraph == true
).
Note: if there is no valid position for the selection, the paragraph will always be created:
[<imageBlock src="foo.jpg"></imageBlock>]
-><paragraph>[]</paragraph>
.[ options.doNotResetEntireContent ] : boolean
Whether to skip replacing the entire content with a paragraph when the entire content was selected.
For example
<heading1>[x</heading1><paragraph>y]</paragraph>
will become:<paragraph>^</paragraph>
with the option disabled (doNotResetEntireContent == false
)<heading1>^</heading1>
with enabled (doNotResetEntireContent == true
)
[ options.leaveUnmerged ] : boolean
Whether to merge elements after removing the content of the selection.
For example
<heading1>x[x</heading1><paragraph>y]y</paragraph>
will become:<heading1>x^y</heading1>
with the option disabled (leaveUnmerged == false
)<heading1>x^</heading1><paragraph>y</paragraph>
with enabled (leaveUnmerged == true
).
options[i: string] : unknown
Returns
void
Fires
-
destroy() → void
module:engine/model/model~Model#destroy
-
enqueueChange( batchOrType, callback ) → void
module:engine/model/model~Model#enqueueChange:CUSTOM_BATCH
The
enqueueChange()
method performs similar task as thechange()
method, with two major differences.First, the callback of
enqueueChange()
is executed when all other enqueued changes are done. It might be executed immediately if it is not nested in any other change block, but if it is nested in another (enqueue)change block, it will be delayed and executed after the outermost block.model.change( new Batch(), writer => { console.log( 1 ); model.enqueueChange( new Batch(), writer => { console.log( 2 ); } ); console.log( 3 ); } ); // Will log: 1, 3, 2.
In addition to that, the changes enqueued with
enqueueChange()
will be converted separately from the changes done in the outerchange()
block.Second, it lets you define the
Batch
into which you want to add your changes. If you want to use default batch type, useenqueueChange( callback )
.model.enqueueChange( { isUndoable: false }, writer => { writer.insertText( 'foo', paragraph, 'end' ); } );
When using the
enqueueChange()
block you can also add some changes to the batch you used before.model.enqueueChange( batch, writer => { writer.insertText( 'foo', paragraph, 'end' ); } );
In order to make a nested
enqueueChange()
create a single undo step together with the changes done in the outerchange()
block, you can obtain the batch instance from the writer of the outer block.Parameters
batchOrType : undefined | Batch | BatchType
A batch or a batch type that should be used in the callback. If not defined, a new batch with the default type will be created.
callback : ( Writer ) => unknown
Callback function which may modify the model.
Returns
void
-
enqueueChange( callback ) → void
module:engine/model/model~Model#enqueueChange:DEFAULT_BATCH
The
enqueueChange()
method performs similar task as thechange()
method, with two major differences.First, the callback of
enqueueChange()
is executed when all other enqueued changes are done. It might be executed immediately if it is not nested in any other change block, but if it is nested in another (enqueue)change block, it will be delayed and executed after the outermost block.model.change( writer => { console.log( 1 ); model.enqueueChange( writer => { console.log( 2 ); } ); console.log( 3 ); } ); // Will log: 1, 3, 2.
In addition to that, the changes enqueued with
enqueueChange()
will be converted separately from the changes done in the outerchange()
block.By default, a new batch with the default batch type is created. To define the
Batch
into which you want to add your changes, useenqueueChange( batchOrType, callback )
.Parameters
callback : ( Writer ) => unknown
Callback function which may modify the model.
Returns
void
-
inherited
fire( eventOrInfo, args ) → GetEventInfo<TEvent>[ 'return' ]
module:engine/model/model~Model#fire
Fires an event, executing all callbacks registered for it.
The first parameter passed to callbacks is an
EventInfo
object, followed by the optionalargs
provided in thefire()
method call.Type parameters
Parameters
eventOrInfo : GetNameOrEventInfo<TEvent>
The name of the event or
EventInfo
object if event is delegated.args : TEvent[ 'args' ]
Additional arguments to be passed to the callbacks.
Returns
GetEventInfo<TEvent>[ 'return' ]
By default the method returns
undefined
. However, the return value can be changed by listeners through modification of theevt.return
's property (the event info is the first param of every callback).
-
getSelectedContent( selection ) → DocumentFragment
module:engine/model/model~Model#getSelectedContent
Gets a clone of the selected content.
For example, for the following selection:
<paragraph>x</paragraph> <blockQuote> <paragraph>y</paragraph> <heading1>fir[st</heading1> </blockQuote> <paragraph>se]cond</paragraph> <paragraph>z</paragraph>
It will return a document fragment with such a content:
<blockQuote> <heading1>st</heading1> </blockQuote> <paragraph>se</paragraph>
Parameters
selection : Selection | DocumentSelection
The selection of which content will be returned.
Returns
Fires
-
hasContent( rangeOrElement, options = { [options.ignoreMarkers], [options.ignoreWhitespaces] } ) → boolean
module:engine/model/model~Model#hasContent
Checks whether the given range or element has any meaningful content.
Meaningful content is:
- any text node (
options.ignoreWhitespaces
allows controlling whether this text node must also contain any non-whitespace characters), - or any content element,
- or any marker which affects data.
This means that a range containing an empty
<paragraph></paragraph>
is not considered to have a meaningful content. However, a range containing an<imageBlock></imageBlock>
(which would normally be marked in the schema as an object element) is considered non-empty.Parameters
rangeOrElement : Element | DocumentFragment | Range
Range or element to check.
options : object
-
Properties
[ options.ignoreMarkers ] : boolean
Whether markers should be ignored.
[ options.ignoreWhitespaces ] : boolean
Whether text node with whitespaces only should be considered empty.
Defaults to
{}
Returns
boolean
- any text node (
-
insertContent( content, [ selectable ], [ placeOrOffset ], rest ) → Range
module:engine/model/model~Model#insertContent
Inserts content at the position in the editor specified by the selection, as one would expect the paste functionality to work.
Note: If you want to insert an object element (e.g. a widget), see
insertObject
instead.This is a high-level method. It takes the schema into consideration when inserting the content, clears the given selection's content before inserting nodes and moves the selection to its target position at the end of the process. It can split elements, merge them, wrap bare text nodes with paragraphs, etc. – just like the pasting feature should do.
For lower-level methods see
Writer
.This method, unlike
Writer
's methods, does not have to be used inside achange()
block.Conversion and schema
Inserting elements and text nodes into the model is not enough to make CKEditor 5 render that content to the user. CKEditor 5 implements a model-view-controller architecture and what
model.insertContent()
does is only adding nodes to the model. Additionally, you need to define converters between the model and view and define those nodes in the schema.So, while this method may seem similar to CKEditor 4
editor.insertHtml()
(in fact, both methods are used for paste-like content insertion), the CKEditor 5 method cannot be use to insert arbitrary HTML unless converters are defined for all elements and attributes in that HTML.Examples
Using
insertContent()
with a manually created model structure:// Let's create a document fragment containing such content as: // // <paragraph>foo</paragraph> // <blockQuote> // <paragraph>bar</paragraph> // </blockQuote> const docFrag = editor.model.change( writer => { const p1 = writer.createElement( 'paragraph' ); const p2 = writer.createElement( 'paragraph' ); const blockQuote = writer.createElement( 'blockQuote' ); const docFrag = writer.createDocumentFragment(); writer.append( p1, docFrag ); writer.append( blockQuote, docFrag ); writer.append( p2, blockQuote ); writer.insertText( 'foo', p1 ); writer.insertText( 'bar', p2 ); return docFrag; } ); // insertContent() does not have to be used in a change() block. It can, though, // so this code could be moved to the callback defined above. editor.model.insertContent( docFrag );
Using
insertContent()
with an HTML string converted to a model document fragment (similar to the pasting mechanism):// You can create your own HtmlDataProcessor instance or use editor.data.processor // if you have not overridden the default one (which is the HtmlDataProcessor instance). const htmlDP = new HtmlDataProcessor( viewDocument ); // Convert an HTML string to a view document fragment: const viewFragment = htmlDP.toView( htmlString ); // Convert the view document fragment to a model document fragment // in the context of $root. This conversion takes the schema into // account so if, for example, the view document fragment contained a bare text node, // this text node cannot be a child of $root, so it will be automatically // wrapped with a <paragraph>. You can define the context yourself (in the second parameter), // and e.g. convert the content like it would happen in a <paragraph>. // Note: The clipboard feature uses a custom context called $clipboardHolder // which has a loosened schema. const modelFragment = editor.data.toModel( viewFragment ); editor.model.insertContent( modelFragment );
By default this method will use the document selection but it can also be used with a position, range or selection instance.
// Insert text at the current document selection position. editor.model.change( writer => { editor.model.insertContent( writer.createText( 'x' ) ); } ); // Insert text at a given position - the document selection will not be modified. editor.model.change( writer => { editor.model.insertContent( writer.createText( 'x' ), doc.getRoot(), 2 ); // Which is a shorthand for: editor.model.insertContent( writer.createText( 'x' ), writer.createPositionAt( doc.getRoot(), 2 ) ); } );
If you want the document selection to be moved to the inserted content, use the
setSelection()
method of the writer after inserting the content:editor.model.change( writer => { const paragraph = writer.createElement( 'paragraph' ); // Insert an empty paragraph at the beginning of the root. editor.model.insertContent( paragraph, writer.createPositionAt( editor.model.document.getRoot(), 0 ) ); // Move the document selection to the inserted paragraph. writer.setSelection( paragraph, 'in' ); } );
If an instance of the model selection is passed as
selectable
, the new content will be inserted at the passed selection (instead of document selection):editor.model.change( writer => { // Create a selection in a paragraph that will be used as a place of insertion. const selection = writer.createSelection( paragraph, 'in' ); // Insert the new text at the created selection. editor.model.insertContent( writer.createText( 'x' ), selection ); // insertContent() modifies the passed selection instance so it can be used to set the document selection. // Note: This is not necessary when you passed the document selection to insertContent(). writer.setSelection( selection ); } );
Parameters
content : DocumentFragment | Item
The content to insert.
[ selectable ] : Selectable
The selection into which the content should be inserted. If not provided the current model document selection will be used.
[ placeOrOffset ] : PlaceOrOffset
To be used when a model item was passed as
selectable
. This param defines a position in relation to that item. at the insertion position.rest : Array<unknown>
Returns
Fires
-
insertObject( element, [ selectable ], [ placeOrOffset ], [ options ] = { [options.findOptimalPosition], [options.setSelection] }, rest ) → Range
module:engine/model/model~Model#insertObject
Inserts an object element at a specific position in the editor content.
This is a high-level API:
- It takes the schema into consideration,
- It clears the content of passed
selectable
before inserting, - It can move the selection at the end of the process,
- It will copy the selected block's attributes to preserve them upon insertion,
- It can split elements or wrap inline objects with paragraphs if they are not allowed in target position,
- etc.
Notes
- If you want to insert a non-object content, see
insertContent
instead. - For lower-level API, see
Writer
. - Unlike
Writer
, this method does not have to be used inside achange()
block. - Inserting object into the model is not enough to make CKEditor 5 render that content to the user.
CKEditor 5 implements a model-view-controller architecture and what
model.insertObject()
does is only adding nodes to the model. Additionally, you need to define converters between the model and view and define those nodes in the schema.
Examples
Use the following code to insert an object at the current selection and keep the selection on the inserted element:
const rawHtmlEmbedElement = writer.createElement( 'rawHtml' ); model.insertObject( rawHtmlEmbedElement, null, null, { setSelection: 'on' } );
Use the following code to insert an object at the current selection and nudge the selection after the inserted object:
const pageBreakElement = writer.createElement( 'pageBreak' ); * model.insertObject( pageBreakElement, null, null, { setSelection: 'after' } );
Use the following code to insert an object at the current selection and avoid splitting the content (non-destructive insertion):
const tableElement = writer.createElement( 'table' ); * model.insertObject( tableElement, null, null, { findOptimalPosition: 'auto' } );
Use the following code to insert an object at the specific range (also: replace the content of the range):
const tableElement = writer.createElement( 'table' ); const range = model.createRangeOn( model.document.getRoot().getChild( 1 ) ); * model.insertObject( tableElement, range );
Parameters
element : Element
An object to be inserted into the model document.
[ selectable ] : Selectable
A selectable where the content should be inserted. If not specified, the current document selection will be used instead.
[ placeOrOffset ] : null | PlaceOrOffset
Specifies the exact place or offset for the insertion to take place, relative to
selectable
.[ options ] : object
Additional options.
Properties[ options.findOptimalPosition ] : 'auto' | 'after' | 'before'
An option that, when set, adjusts the insertion position (relative to
selectable
andplaceOrOffset
) so that the content ofselectable
is not split upon insertion (a.k.a. non-destructive insertion).- When
'auto'
, the algorithm will decide whether to insert the object before or afterselectable
to avoid content splitting. - When
'before'
, the closest position beforeselectable
will be used that will not result in content splitting. - When
'after'
, the closest position afterselectable
will be used that will not result in content splitting.
Note that this option only works for block objects. Inline objects are inserted into text and do not split blocks.
- When
[ options.setSelection ] : 'on' | 'after'
An option that, when set, moves the document selection after inserting the object.
- When
'on'
, the document selection will be set on the inserted object. - When
'after'
, the document selection will move to the closest text node after the inserted object. If there is no such text node, a paragraph will be created and the document selection will be moved inside it. at the insertion position.
- When
rest : Array<unknown>
Returns
-
inherited
listenTo( emitter, event, callback, [ options ] ) → void
module:engine/model/model~Model#listenTo:BASE_EMITTER
Registers a callback function to be executed when an event is fired in a specific (emitter) object.
Events can be grouped in namespaces using
:
. When namespaced event is fired, it additionally fires all callbacks for that namespace.// myEmitter.on( ... ) is a shorthand for myEmitter.listenTo( myEmitter, ... ). myEmitter.on( 'myGroup', genericCallback ); myEmitter.on( 'myGroup:myEvent', specificCallback ); // genericCallback is fired. myEmitter.fire( 'myGroup' ); // both genericCallback and specificCallback are fired. myEmitter.fire( 'myGroup:myEvent' ); // genericCallback is fired even though there are no callbacks for "foo". myEmitter.fire( 'myGroup:foo' );
An event callback can stop the event and set the return value of the
fire
method.Type parameters
Parameters
emitter : Emitter
The object that fires the event.
event : TEvent[ 'name' ]
The name of the event.
callback : GetCallback<TEvent>
The function to be called on event.
[ options ] : GetCallbackOptions<TEvent>
Additional options.
Returns
void
-
modifySelection( selection, [ options ] = { [options.direction], [options.treatEmojiAsSingleUnit], [options.unit] } ) → void
module:engine/model/model~Model#modifySelection
Modifies the selection. Currently, the supported modifications are:
- Extending. The selection focus is moved in the specified
options.direction
with a step specified inoptions.unit
. Possible values forunit
are: 'character'
(default) - moves selection by one user-perceived character. In most cases this means moving by one character inString
sense. However, unicode also defines "combing marks". These are special symbols, that combines with a symbol before it ("base character") to create one user-perceived character. For example,q̣̇
is a normal letterq
with two "combining marks": upper dot (Ux0307
) and lower dot (Ux0323
). For most actions, i.e. extending selection by one position, it is correct to include both "base character" and all of it's "combining marks". That is why'character'
value is most natural and common method of modifying selection.'codePoint'
- moves selection by one unicode code point. In contrary to,'character'
unit, this will insert selection between "base character" and "combining mark", because "combining marks" have their own unicode code points. However, for technical reasons, unicode code points with values aboveUxFFFF
are represented in nativeString
by two characters, called "surrogate pairs". Halves of "surrogate pairs" have a meaning only when placed next to each other. For example𨭎
is represented inString
by\uD862\uDF4E
. Both\uD862
and\uDF4E
do not have any meaning outside the pair (are rendered as ? when alone). Position between them would be incorrect. In this case, selection extension will include whole "surrogate pair".'word'
- moves selection by a whole word.
Note: if you extend a forward selection in a backward direction you will in fact shrink it.
Parameters
selection : Selection | DocumentSelection
The selection to modify.
[ options ] : object
-
Properties
[ options.direction ] : 'forward' | 'backward'
The direction in which the selection should be modified.
[ options.treatEmojiAsSingleUnit ] : boolean
Whether multi-characer emoji sequences should be handled as single unit.
[ options.unit ] : 'character' | 'codePoint' | 'word'
The unit by which selection should be modified.
Returns
void
Fires
- Extending. The selection focus is moved in the specified
-
Stops executing the callback on the given event. Shorthand for
this.stopListening( this, event, callback )
.Parameters
event : string
The name of the event.
callback : Function
The function to stop being called.
Returns
void
-
Registers a callback function to be executed when an event is fired.
Shorthand for
this.listenTo( this, event, callback, options )
(it makes the emitter listen on itself).Type parameters
Parameters
event : TEvent[ 'name' ]
The name of the event.
callback : GetCallback<TEvent>
The function to be called on event.
[ options ] : GetCallbackOptions<TEvent>
Additional options.
Returns
void
-
Registers a callback function to be executed on the next time the event is fired only. This is similar to calling
on
followed byoff
in the callback.Type parameters
Parameters
event : TEvent[ 'name' ]
The name of the event.
callback : GetCallback<TEvent>
The function to be called on event.
[ options ] : GetCallbackOptions<TEvent>
Additional options.
Returns
void
-
Creates and sets the value of an observable properties of this object. Such a property becomes a part of the state and is observable.
It accepts a single object literal containing key/value pairs with properties to be set.
This method throws the
observable-set-cannot-override
error if the observable instance already has a property with the given property name. This prevents from mistakenly overriding existing properties and methods, but means thatfoo.set( 'bar', 1 )
may be slightly slower thanfoo.bar = 1
.In TypeScript, those properties should be declared in class using
declare
keyword. In example:public declare myProp1: number; public declare myProp2: string; constructor() { this.set( { 'myProp1: 2, 'myProp2: 'foo' } ); }
Parameters
values : object
An object with
name=>value
pairs.
Returns
void
-
Creates and sets the value of an observable property of this object. Such a property becomes a part of the state and is observable.
This method throws the
observable-set-cannot-override
error if the observable instance already has a property with the given property name. This prevents from mistakenly overriding existing properties and methods, but means thatfoo.set( 'bar', 1 )
may be slightly slower thanfoo.bar = 1
.In TypeScript, those properties should be declared in class using
declare
keyword. In example:public declare myProp: number; constructor() { this.set( 'myProp', 2 ); }
Type parameters
K
Parameters
name : K
The property's name.
value : Model[ K ]
The property's value.
Returns
void
-
inherited
stopDelegating( [ event ], [ emitter ] ) → void
module:engine/model/model~Model#stopDelegating
Stops delegating events. It can be used at different levels:
- To stop delegating all events.
- To stop delegating a specific event to all emitters.
- To stop delegating a specific event to a specific emitter.
Parameters
[ event ] : string
The name of the event to stop delegating. If omitted, stops it all delegations.
[ emitter ] : Emitter
(requires
event
) The object to stop delegating a particular event to. If omitted, stops delegation ofevent
to all emitters.
Returns
void
-
inherited
stopListening( [ emitter ], [ event ], [ callback ] ) → void
module:engine/model/model~Model#stopListening:BASE_STOP
Stops listening for events. It can be used at different levels:
- To stop listening to a specific callback.
- To stop listening to a specific event.
- To stop listening to all events fired by a specific object.
- To stop listening to all events fired by all objects.
Parameters
[ emitter ] : Emitter
The object to stop listening to. If omitted, stops it for all objects.
[ event ] : string
(Requires the
emitter
) The name of the event to stop listening to. If omitted, stops it for all events fromemitter
.[ callback ] : Function
(Requires the
event
) The function to be removed from the call list for the givenevent
.
Returns
void
-
Removes the binding created with
bind
.// Removes the binding for the 'a' property. A.unbind( 'a' ); // Removes bindings for all properties. A.unbind();
Parameters
unbindProperties : Array<'off' | 'on' | 'once' | 'listenTo' | 'stopListening' | 'fire' | 'delegate' | 'stopDelegating' | 'set' | 'bind' | 'unbind' | 'decorate' | 'change' | 'document' | 'destroy' | 'schema' | 'applyOperation' | 'markers' | 'enqueueChange' | 'insertContent' | 'insertObject' | 'deleteContent' | 'modifySelection' | 'getSelectedContent' | 'hasContent' | 'canEditAt' | 'createPositionFromPath' | 'createPositionAt' | 'createPositionAfter' | 'createPositionBefore' | 'createRange' | 'createRangeIn' | 'createRangeOn' | 'createSelection' | 'createBatch' | 'createOperationFromJSON'>
Observable properties to be unbound. All the bindings will be released if no properties are provided.
Returns
void
-
Common part of
change
andenqueueChange
which calls callbacks and returns array of values returned by these callbacks.Returns
Array<any>
Events
-
_afterChanges( eventInfo )
module:engine/model/model~Model#event:_afterChanges
Fired when leaving the outermost
enqueueChange
orchange
block.Parameters
eventInfo : EventInfo
An object containing information about the fired event.
-
_beforeChanges( eventInfo )
module:engine/model/model~Model#event:_beforeChanges
Fired when entering the outermost
enqueueChange
orchange
block.Parameters
eventInfo : EventInfo
An object containing information about the fired event.
-
applyOperation( eventInfo, args )
module:engine/model/model~Model#event:applyOperation
Fired every time any operation is applied on the model using
applyOperation
.Note that this event is suitable only for very specific use-cases. Use it if you need to listen to every single operation applied on the document. However, in most cases event-change should be used.
A few callbacks are already added to this event by engine internal classes:
- with
highest
priority operation is validated, - with
normal
priority operation is executed, - with
low
priority theDocument
updates its version, - with
low
priorityLivePosition
andLiveRange
update themselves.
Parameters
- with
-
canEditAt( eventInfo, args )
module:engine/model/model~Model#event:canEditAt
Event fired when
canEditAt
method is called.The default action of that method is implemented as a listener to this event, so it can be fully customized by the features.
Although the original method accepts any parameter of
Selectable
type, this event is fired withselectable
normalized to an instance ofSelection
orDocumentSelection
.Parameters
eventInfo : EventInfo
An object containing information about the fired event.
args : tuple
The arguments passed to the original method.
-
inherited
change:{property}( eventInfo, name, value, oldValue )
module:engine/model/model~Model#event:change:{property}
Fired when a property changed value.
observable.set( 'prop', 1 ); observable.on<ObservableChangeEvent<number>>( 'change:prop', ( evt, propertyName, newValue, oldValue ) => { console.log( `${ propertyName } has changed from ${ oldValue } to ${ newValue }` ); } ); observable.prop = 2; // -> 'prop has changed from 1 to 2'
Parameters
eventInfo : EventInfo
An object containing information about the fired event.
name : string
The property name.
value : TValue
The new property value.
oldValue : TValue
The previous property value.
-
deleteContent( eventInfo, args )
module:engine/model/model~Model#event:deleteContent
Event fired when
deleteContent
method is called.The default action of that method is implemented as a listener to this event, so it can be fully customized by the features.
Parameters
eventInfo : EventInfo
An object containing information about the fired event.
args : Parameters<TObservable[ TName ]>
The arguments passed to the original method.
-
getSelectedContent( eventInfo, args )
module:engine/model/model~Model#event:getSelectedContent
Event fired when
getSelectedContent
method is called.The default action of that method is implemented as a listener to this event, so it can be fully customized by the features.
Parameters
eventInfo : EventInfo
An object containing information about the fired event.
args : Parameters<TObservable[ TName ]>
The arguments passed to the original method.
-
insertContent( eventInfo, args )
module:engine/model/model~Model#event:insertContent
Event fired when
insertContent
method is called.The default action of that method is implemented as a listener to this event so it can be fully customized by the features.
Note The
selectable
parameter for theinsertContent
is optional. Whenundefined
value is passed the method uses document selection.Parameters
eventInfo : EventInfo
An object containing information about the fired event.
args : tuple
The arguments passed to the original method.
-
insertObject( eventInfo, args )
module:engine/model/model~Model#event:insertObject
Event fired when the
insertObject
method is called.The default action of that method is implemented as a listener to this event so it can be fully customized by the features.
Note The
selectable
parameter for theinsertObject
is optional. Whenundefined
value is passed the method uses document selection.Parameters
eventInfo : EventInfo
An object containing information about the fired event.
args : tuple
The arguments passed to the original method.
-
modifySelection( eventInfo, args )
module:engine/model/model~Model#event:modifySelection
Event fired when
modifySelection
method is called.The default action of that method is implemented as a listener to this event, so it can be fully customized by the features.
Parameters
eventInfo : EventInfo
An object containing information about the fired event.
args : Parameters<TObservable[ TName ]>
The arguments passed to the original method.
-
inherited
set:{property}( eventInfo, name, value, oldValue )
module:engine/model/model~Model#event:set:{property}
Fired when a property value is going to be set but is not set yet (before the
change
event is fired).You can control the final value of the property by using the event's
return
property.observable.set( 'prop', 1 ); observable.on<ObservableSetEvent<number>>( 'set:prop', ( evt, propertyName, newValue, oldValue ) => { console.log( `Value is going to be changed from ${ oldValue } to ${ newValue }` ); console.log( `Current property value is ${ observable[ propertyName ] }` ); // Let's override the value. evt.return = 3; } ); observable.on<ObservableChangeEvent<number>>( 'change:prop', ( evt, propertyName, newValue, oldValue ) => { console.log( `Value has changed from ${ oldValue } to ${ newValue }` ); } ); observable.prop = 2; // -> 'Value is going to be changed from 1 to 2' // -> 'Current property value is 1' // -> 'Value has changed from 1 to 3'
Note: The event is fired even when the new value is the same as the old value.
Parameters
eventInfo : EventInfo
An object containing information about the fired event.
name : string
The property name.
value : TValue
The new property value.
oldValue : TValue
The previous property value.
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